(1)

As Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards are fully converged with International Financial Reporting Standards in the accounting for leases, for ease of reference, International Financial Reporting Standard 16 “Leases” (“IFRS 16”) and the precedent lease accounting standard International Accounting Standard 17 “Leases” (“IAS 17”) are referred to in this results announcement interchangeably with the relevant Hong Kong Financial Reporting Standards. The Group believes that the IAS 17 basis (“Pre-IFRS 16 basis”) metrics, which are not intended to be a substitute for, or superior to, the reported metrics on a IFRS 16 basis (“Post-IFRS 16 basis”), better reflect management’s view of the Group’s underlying operational performance. IAS 17 basis metrics financial information is regularly reviewed by management and used for resource allocation, performance assessment and internal decision-making. As a result, the Group has provided an alternative presentation of the Group’s EBITDA, EBIT and Reported earnings prepared under the Pre-IFRS 16 basis relating to the accounting for leases. Unless otherwise specified, the discussion of the Group’s operating results in this results announcement is on a Pre-IFRS 16 basis as mentioned above.

(2)

Total revenue, earnings before interest expenses and other finance costs, tax, depreciation and amortisation (“EBITDA”) and earnings before interest expenses and other finance costs and tax (“EBIT”) include the Group’s proportionate share of associated companies and joint ventures’ respective items.

(3)

Reported earnings represent profit attributable to shareholders. Reported earnings per share for the year ended 31 December 2024 and 2023 is calculated based on profit attributable to ordinary shareholders.